Type-writing machine.



'e. c. BLICKENSDERPER. TYPE WRITING MAGEZ-L APPLICATION FILED AUG. 8, 1907.

956,879. jammed May 3,1910.

. 2 Ii -J 1 2 522?" Irina- 7% A PATEN" OFFICE.

GEORGE C. BLICKENSDERFER. OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT.

TYPEJVRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

I Patented May 3, 1910.

Application filed August 8, 1907. Serial No. 387,608.

1b all vole-0m it may concern: lie it known that l, Gnonon C. Bmcmzxsnnnriin, a citizen of the United States. andin; at Stamford, county of Fairlietd, and State of (Jomua-ticut, have invented certain new and useful Imprownzcnts in Type- .Vriting i'vlachincs, fully described and represented in the. following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a partoi' th.-- same. This in cniirm relates to certain improvencnts in typewritiny; machines. "l \'pewriting machines, as most usually constructed. are arranged to print the character from left to right. In certain languagcs, however, such, for instance, as Hehrcw. the characters must be printed from right to left, and typewriting mach nes for the printing of these languages must, therefore, either be specially constructed, so that. the sicp-by-step feed may be the reverse of that u ually employed, or must he so contrnctc-zl that the carriage may be operated to had in either direction.

The. present invention has for its object to produce an improved t vpcwriting machine in hich the step-b -c-flcp feed of the carriage may he. ct'l'cctcd either from left to right or ri; 'ht to left. as desired. so that i may be adapted for printing in languages the characters oi which are written in opposite directions.

A fur tier object of the invention is to produce a simple. tneap and etlective typewriting machine in which the feeding clevices will be caused to give the carriage a stcpl-v-stcp feed in either direction, and in which the change 0 direction of iced may he rcaditv and cy ctl'ccted. the machine lit-in; thus capacitated for use in writing .tlitlt-rent languages in which the characters must be printed in rcvc c dire tions.

A further object ofthc invention is to produce a -simple, cheap and ctlective typewriting machine in which the individual keys may be PI'OVltlttl with a plurality of charactersbelonging to the alphabets of languages written in opposite directions, the type mechanism being construct d so that; the change from one language to another may be readily and easily ctl'ccted.

\i'ith these and other objects in View. the invention consists in certain cmntructions, and in certain parts, improvements and combinations as will be hereinafter fnll v de- 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but with the feeding .(ltfi'ltfLS arranged so as to protiucc movement. of the carriage from right to left. Fig. 5 is a plan view of an improved type key which may be employed.

The'typcwriting machine illustrated in the drawings. and in which the invention is mlnulied. i a machine of the well-known Blichcnsdcrfer type. It will be .lnderstmid, however. that the invention is not confined to t vpcwritim machines of this type. as it may be embodied in machines ditl'cring widely therefrom in construction.

In the particular machine illustrated, there is provided a base, indicated at I, mounted on fe t 9, said ase serving to supp rt a frame 3 in which the operative parts ar mountccl. I

In nntchincs of the character to which this invention relates. it is, of course. necessary to provide means whereby the alphabets of either of the two languages which the machine is to write, may be readily employed. This may he etl'ectcd in various ways, but in the particular machine illustrated, this is cli'cctcd by making the type or printing mechanism readily removable. As illustrated. the type mechanism consists of a win-cl. as t. l'Lll1\H'tll)l secured to a shaft 5 in an suitable way, as, for instance. bya staple 5. The shaft 5 is provided with a gear 6, meshing with two racks. one of which, marked 7, is shown. The movenients'of thcse racks are produced from two sectors, one of which, 8, s shown. These sectors are prmid d with teeth, as 9. which mesh withsegments l=') formed on the arms which carry the racks mark-shaft ll suitably supported in the frame, and the proper htflfielllt'tllb of the type mechanism are produced frourker-levcrs ii. the depression of each key-lever cans- -ing a mmenicnt. of this rock-shaft 11. The

The shaft 5 passes through a:

detail construction of this type mechanism and its method of operation has no bearing on the present invention, and it will not, therefore, described, but reference is made to Patent No. 583,840, granted to G. C. Blickcnsderfer, June 1, 1897, in which this construction and its method of operation are fully described.

Each of the type levers 12 carries a key or button, as is usual, these buttons being marked 12. In the best constructions, the keys or buttons carry a plurality of characters, as illustrated in Fig. 5, in which the key shown is provided with both Roman and Hebrew letters.

The carriage of the machine may be of any suitable construction. As shown, it consists of a sliding plate 13, the movement of which is controlled by guides 14 mounted on the bed-plate 1. This carriage is provided with the usual standards, one of which is indicated at 15, these standards serving to support the usual paper roll 16. The shaft 17 of this roll is rovided with the usual knurled hand-whee as 18, for turning the paper roll.

The carriage will be provided with a feeding device by which it may be given a ste by-step movement. \Vhile this feeding evice may be varied in construction, as shown, it consists of a rack 19 secured to the sliding plate 13 by means of screws, as 20, or in any other suitable manner. A feeder which cooperates with the feeding device on the carriage to effect its step-by-step movement 18 employed, and this feeder may be widely varied in construction. In the particular construction illustrated, the feeder comprises a toothed block '21 mounted on an arm 25'. The devices for giving the block, when the Same is 'employed, its movement may be widel varied in construction. As illustrate(, these devices include an actuator which, as shown, consists of a plate 23, the .outer end of tlns plate being enlarged, as indicated at 24, the bed plate being provided with guides 25 which control the movement of this actuator plate. In the particular construction illustrated, the arm 22, before referred to, is mounted cn this actuator plate, the connection between the )late and the arm being etlected, as shown,

y a screw 26 passing through a slot 27 in the arm. It is apparent that by moving the actuator plate forward and back through its guides, the block 21 and arm 22 will be moved into and out of engagement with the rack.

Machines embodying the invention will be provided with means for actuating the feeder, whatever be its construction, to give the feeder a movement after it is engaged with the cot'vperating feeding device on the carriage to advance the carriage one step, and these means will be of such a character that the feeder may be given its step-by-step freding movement in either direction. -ln the construction illustrated. the means for moving the feeder include a cam mechanism embodying two cams 28, 29. While these cams, when such cams are employed for actuating the feeder, may be variously coustl'uctcd, in the particular construction illustrated, they are formed by cutting a suitable opening 30 in the enlarged end 24 of the actuator plate.

The particular means by which either one or the other of the cams, when cams are employed, is made operative to move the feeder may be varied. As illustrated, there is provided, for this purpose, a lever 31 pivoted by means of a screw 32, or in any other suitable manner, to the under side of the bedplate. This lever, in the particular construction illustrated, is provided with an eye 33, to which is secured a spring 34', the other end of this spring being secured in an eye 35 screwed into the under side of the swingingarin 22. In the particular construction illustrated, the stem of this eye 35 carries a cam roll 36. The pivotal point of this lever 32 is so arranged that as the lever is swung it passes the center line of its pivot and the actuating plate, so that the spring 3% draws the feeder into position to be acted upon by one or the other of the cams 28, 29, as the case may be. As the construction is illustrated in Fig. 3, the lever is in position so that the spring 31 makes the cam 25) operative, whereas in Fig. 4, the lever is in such position as to make the cam 25 operative.

Assuming the lever to be in the position shown in Fig. 3, and the actuator plate 23 in its extreme backward position, in which position it will be understood that the feeder block 2] is in engagenurnt with the rack, it will be understood that if the actuator plate 23 is moved toward the front of the machine the screw 26 will move in the slot 27 until it reaches the inner end of this slot, at which time the opening 30 has moved to such a position that the cam 29 is out of contact with the roll 36. A further movement of the actuator date will, by reason of the engagement 0 the screw 26 with the arm 2'. at the inner end of the. slot 27, cau.-;e the arm to move inward, so as to disengage the block from the rack. As soon as this disengagement occurs, the spring swings the arm ".22 and the block 21 into the position shown in Fig. 3, that is, into the position for a fresh take. As the actuator plate is moved toward the rear of the machine, the arm 22 moves so'as. to bring the block into engagement with the rack, after which the continued movement of the actuator in the rearward direction causes the cam 29 to bear against the roll 36 and thus advance the rack and carriage one step, in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 3.

'h n the eonsl'ruet i n i arranged as illu trated in Fig. i. the titt'it'ennllls inst tlt serihed are preeisel the same ext-ept that the. ram 28 is the operating rant and the step-h vstep movement of the marriage is in'the direetion of the arrow shown in this ligure.

The movement of the aetuator plate may he 'ariouslv ell'eeted. in the partieular eonstrttetion shown. there is loo.'-el mounted on the shaft 11 a hell-erank lever 37. 39-. the arm 38 being slotted and heing engaged h a pin 3! eart'ied on the shaft 5. llaeh time a he) is depressed to operate the t vpe-wht-el. this hell-erank lever 37. 3-H will he lUt'hitl. The arm 37 of this l'nll-(lttllh' lever earries a .pin 37' whieh engages an upstanding arm to seeured to the aetuator plate. 'lht. aetuator plate has secured to its under side a pin -l-l to which is eonneeted a spring 4;. the other end of this spring heing seemed in an eye 43 formed on an arm ll seeured to the under itle ot' the hed-plate hy means of a serew 44''. or in any other snitahl manner. lCaeh time a he) is depressed. the spring 42 is plat-ed under open-Hing tension and when a key is depressed and released. the :tt-tnator plate will he reeiprm-ated. For 'ase in name ment. the end of the aetoator slide may. if desired. rest on an anti-fvietion roll 45 saitehtv journaled inthe lied-plate.

In the pat'tieular eonstrnetion illustrated.

thespaeer consists of a lever 46 whirh is hooked around a rod 4], this spat-er. as well as the type levers. heim, held in position h eertain s 'a'ings. not shown. The eonstrnetion of this )aeer is, however. fully shown and described. in Patetit No. 583.840 ahovo referred to. This spaeer earries a two-armed lever 45, 49 )ivoted at 50 to the spaeer. The arm 49 of this two-armed lever hooks over a plate 51 on the front of the maehine and the arm 48 engages in a slot 52 in the aetuator plate. Eaeh time the spa et' is depressed, therefore, the plate will he moved tot: rd the front. of the maehine h the twoartned leve and the sprin 42 plaeed under operating tension, and a ter the spaeer is released. the plate. will he returned h the sprint thus etteeting the feeding operation.

If desired, a loelting Ill.t'lt:llllr-lll may he ennloyed whieh holds the feeding deviees ant 'arriage in position after the fetal is completed and during the printing operation. 'hile this lot-king meehanism may he 'ariousl v eonstrueted. as shown it eon istsof two pivoted arms .33, 54. The arm .31; is provided with a shoulder 5.3 and the arm .'.l with a shoulder 56, these shoulders heing so located as to engage on eat-h side of the lltlt'l\ :21 when the feeding'movement is eompleted. These arms 53. 54 are provided with prejeetions 57, 58 whirl: are in the path of logs or extensions so, (i0 on the aetuator plate. .-\s the aetnator plate moves toward the front of the maehine. in the mam -r hereinhel'ore de erihed. these projections 59. (it), strike the lugs 57. 5 moving the arms backward into the position shown in Fig. 3.

ll desirml. stops (it tray heemployed to prevent ext'essive. movement either of the. arms 5-1. or of the aetuator plate, hot 'when these stops are emploved. they should he. so loeated :l. to permit the neeessa'ry movement of the actuator plate.

it will he understood hat when the parts ar'e in the position shown in Fig. :2. the hloelt ll rests hetween the shoulders .35 and at, of the arms .323. 54, and all the parts are. thus rigidly looked in position.

it may he desired. in the partieulat' e-"nstr'uetiou shown. to move the carriage without operating either the keys or the sparing hit. and when this is to he done. tht; feeding deviees should he disengaged. \Vhile this may he eti'eeted in any desired manner. in the eonstrnetion shown. the. maehine may he provided with a swinging hail. as

operated from a lever (34 and a slotted arm or mounted on one end of the earriage. the eonstrnetion of this hail and lever and operating eonneetions heing fully shown in Patent No. 583.840, hefore referred to. This hail is arranged to eontaet with a frietion roll -tit'- mounted on the serew .Zti htifore. referred to. When this hail is rocked. the aetuator plate will he moved toward the front of the maehine. and the feeding deviees released in the manner before deserihed.

(.hanges and variations may he made in the eoustrnetien herein shown for earrying the invention into ett'eet. The invention is not. therefore. to be limited to the speeilie eoustrnrt ion hereinhefore deserihed and illustrated in the aeeompan ving drawings.

'hat is claimed is:-

1; In a typewriting machine. the eomhination with a earriage having feeding means thereon. ot' a eoiiperating feeder. means \\'hel'eh v said feeder may he eansed to engagewith and he disengaged from the means on the earriage. and may he given a step-hy-step advaneing means to positively feed the earriage during the printing operation. and means wherehy said step-hystep advaneing movement of the feeder may he eaused to oeenr in either dir -tion whereby the mat-hine is eapaeitated to write in either dire tion.

In a t vpewriting maehiae. the eomhination with a eat'l'iage inning a raelt. of a etiiipel'aling feeding hloelt. means whereby aid hloelt may he eansed to engage with and hedisengaged from the earriage and may he given a tep-hy-slep advaneing movement to positively feed the earriage during the printing operation. and means whereby said ste -li \'-step advaneing movement of the hlork may he eaused to oeem' in either direetion wlierehy the nia hine is apat'ila letl in tile in t'illtt tlil't't'liull.

advancing means operated by the spring,

and means whereby the spring may be caused to advance the carriage in either direction.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, of a removable type mechanism, a hank of keys, a spacer, a carriage operating spring, means whereby the operation either of a key or the spacer places the spring under operating tension, carriage advancing means operated by the spring,

and means whereby the spring may be caused to advance the carriage 1n either direction.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, of a type mechanism, a bank of keys, a spacer, a carriage oper ating spring, nieans whereby the operation either of a key or the spacer places the spring under operating tension, a feeder actuated b the spring, and means including a cam w ereby the spring ma be caused to actuate the feeder to move t e carriage in either direction.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage having a feeding de vice thereon, of a feeder, means including a cam mechanism whereby the feeder may he engaged with and disengaged from the feeding device on the carriage and givenadvancing movements to effect a step-bystep feed of the carriage, and means for ell'ccting a relative positioning movement between the feeder and the cam mechanism, whereby the advancing movements of the feeder may be caused to occur in either direction.

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carria e having a feeding device thereon, of a theder, means including a cam mechanism whereby the feeder may he. engaged with and disengaged from the feeding device on the carria e and given advanciiu movements to effect. a step-by-step feed time carriage, and means for shifting the position of the feeder with respect to the cam mechanism to cause the advancing movement of the feeder to take place in either direction.

8. In a typewriting machine. the combination with a carriage having a rack, of a feed-block, means including an actuator for causin the feed-block to be engaged with and disengaged from the rack on the carriage and given advancing movements to produce a step-by-step movement of the carriage, and means whereby the feed-block may be caused to give the carriage a movement in either direction.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carria e havin a rack of a of the carriage, and means controlled by the actuator whereby the feed-block may be caused to give the carriage a movement in either direct ion.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carria e having a feeding device thereon, of a eeder, an actuator for the feeder, two cams controlled by the actuator, means for operating the actuator, and means for causing either of the two cams to cooperate with the feeder, whereby the feeder may give the carria e a step-by-step advancing movement in eit er direction.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage having a feedingde vice thereon, of a feeder, an actuator, a spring for controlling the actuator, a bank of keys, a spacer, means whereby the operation of either a key or the spacer places the spring under operating tension, two cams controlled by the actuator, and means whereby either cam may be caused to cooperate with the feeder, whereby the feeder may effect a step-by-stepadvancing movement of the carriage in either direction.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage having a rack, of an actuator, a swinging feed block mounted thereon, two cams controlled by the actuator, a s ring for operating the actuator, a bank 0 keys, a spacer, means whereby the o eration either of a key or the spacer p aces the spring under operatin tension, and means for positioning the bloc so that it will be operated on by either cam, whereby the carriage may be fed in either direction.

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage having a rack, of an actuator, a slide, a feed block, a bank of keys, a spacer, connections between the keys and the slide and the slide and the spacer,

a cam controlled by the actuator for moving the feed block in one direction, a second cam controlled by the actuator for moving the feed block 1n the opposite direction, and means for positioning the block so that it may be operated upon bv either cam.

14. In a typewriter, the combination with a carriage having a rack, of a feeder, means for actuating the feeder, so that it may positively give the carriage a step-by-step movement in either direction, and a locking device for holding the feeder in engagement with the rack during the printing operation.

15. In a typewriter, the combination with a carriage having a rack, of a feeder, a slide on which the feeder is pivoted, two cams mntrnlhal by th fi o-ha". nuans fur (-ansingl In tvstimony hereof. I have hereunto uithvr cam t'hnpvratv in min m-lion with sot my hand, in the prvsoncn f two subthe t n-(tor. win-why the carriagv may he i scrihin; 'itlltsxtx girun :1 10!) ly 101) advancing nim'mncnt in GEORGE U. BLIUKEJSDEMEIL oitln-r ihrw-tiuln and a lurking tic-vice Yuri 'itm-sws: holding the fvt'tlt'l' in t-nga unlcnt with thv A. 'nrru, rad; tllH'il'." the printing opumtion. '1. Bunny. 

